Context:
- DivX and Netflix have been embroiled in a global video codec patent spat since March 2019, when the former enforced eight of its patents against the latter in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, seeking $424 million in damages. DivX then expanded its campaign to Brazil’s State Court of Rio de Janeiro in October 2020, the Landgericht Mannheim (Mannheim Regional Court) in April 2022, and eventually the Unified Patent Court’s (UPC’s) Munich Local Division (LD) in May 2025. Netflix fought back, attacking the validity of the asserted patents – and has since gained some success in Germany and the U.S. However, in Brazil, DivX was granted a permanent injunction (the first-ever in Brazil) in January 2024, which was then upheld last year.
- In the U.S. (Case no. 2:19-cv-01602), Netflix filed seven petitions for inter partes review (IPR) before the United States Patent and Trademark Office’s (USPTO’s) Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB), so the Central District of California stayed the dispute pending the outcome of those proceedings. In 2024, after the case had been remanded by the Federal Circuit, the PTAB ultimately ruled in favor of DivX, adopting a very narrow claim construction. Then, in February, the Federal Circuit sent the cases back to the PTAB, in a decision that held significance because it was made using “standard grammatical English rules” (February 13, 2026 Netflix v. DivX Federal Circuit ruling).
What’s new: In the latest turn of events, a jury last week found that Netflix did not infringe four of the patents-in-suit, rejecting DivX’s claim for $424 million in damages and upholding Netflix’s argument that it had only relied on its own innovations and open industry standards for its streaming success.
Direct impact: While DivX was successful at first in Germany and has also gained significant leverage through its permanent injunction in Brazil, this U.S. jury verdict is a massive blow to its monetization strategy. While DivX can file an appeal in the Federal Circuit, the appellate court has recently sided with Netflix twice on patent claim construction issues – so this path could prove challenging. The company will likely be hoping for a more successful outcome in the UPC’s Munich LD, which is due to hear the case on July 21, 2026.
Wider ramifications: DivX may opt to continue its litigation against Netflix in the U.S., however, as it has largely been successful in its enforcement campaigns against TV makers and streaming companies, settling large disputes with licensing agreements with Samsung, LG Electronics, Disney, Roku, and Hisense (February 11, 2025 ip fray article). It is currently still embroiled in litigation with several other streaming companies, such as Amazon, Vizio, and Hulu, too, though.
This is the jury verdict:
Initially, DivX had enforced eight patents. Below is a breakdown of what happened to each of the patents-in-suit:
| Patent number | Description | Status |
| U.S. Patent No. 7,295,673 | “Method and system for securing compressed digital video” | Expired + Netflix cleared of alleged infringement |
| U.S. Patent No. 8,139,651 | “Video deblocking filter” | Invalidated by PTAB + Netflix cleared of alleged infringement in jury verdict |
| U.S. Patent No. 8,472,792 | “Multimedia distribution system” | Validity being re-tested by PTAB (after second remand by Federal Circuit) + Netflix cleared of alleged infringement in jury verdict |
| U.S. Patent No. 9,184,920 | “Federated digital rights management scheme including trusted systems” | Validity being re-tested by PTAB (after second remand by Federal Circuit) |
| U.S. Patent No. 9,270,720 | “Systems and methods for automatically generating top level index files” | Invalidated by PTAB |
| U.S. Patent No. 9,998,515 | “Systems and methods for automatically generating top level index files” | Invalidated by PTAB |
| U.S. Patent No. 10,212,486 | “Elementary bitstream cryptographic material transport systems and methods” | Invalidated by PTAB + Netflix cleared of alleged infringement in jury verdict |
| U.S. Patent No. 10,225,588 | “Playback devices and methods for playing back alternative streams of content protected using a common set of cryptographic keys” | Validity being re-tested by PTAB (after second remand by Federal Circuit) |
DivX had initially alleged that Netflix’s adaptive bitrate streaming and digital rights management (DRM) technologies used proprietary DivX innovations.
The so-called “Grammar” ruling that the Federal Circuit handed down in February applied the “rule of the last antecedent” to interpret a patent claim regarding where encryption information is located in a video stream. DivX had previously argued for a narrow reading that would have protected its patent from being declared “obvious”. But the Federal Circuit did not buy this argument, siding with Netflix’s broader interpretation using standard grammatical rules.
Here is a table with a breakdown of the global dispute in each of the other three jurisdictions:
| Jurisdiction | Case number | Start date | Patents-in-suit | Current status |
| Germany | 7 O 88/21 | April 2022 | EP3467666 (“Video distribution system including progressive playback”) And EP2661696 (“Adaptive bitrate streaming of media stored in matroska container files using hypertext transfer protocol”) | DivX had initially convinced the Mannheim Regional Court to grant an injunction against Netflix. However, the European Patent Office (EPO) revoked the ‘666 patent entirely following an opposition by Netflix, and the German Federal Patent Court declared the ‘696 patent invalid not longer after. The injunctions were therefore no long enforceable. |
| Brazil | 0214224-53.2020.8.19.0001 | October 2020 | BRPI0506163 (“Video Unlock Filter”) | Ended. The 5th Private Law Chamber of the Rio de Janeiro Court of Justice upheld the lower court’s permanent injunction against Netflix. |
| UPC | UPC_CFI_465/2025 | May 2025 | EP4213033 (“Video distribution system including progressive playback”) | Written procedure phase. Netflix has since filed a counterclaim for revocation (October 2025). |
Counsel
Netflix is being represented by WilmerHale’s Alicia M. Coneys, Brian J. Lambson, Brittany B. Amadi, Christopher Thomas Casamassima, Daniel Perry, Dominic E. Massa, Gennifer E. Birkenfeld-Malpass, Hannah Santasawatkul, James M. Dowd, Jeffrey Dennhardt, Jorge A. Kina, Joseph J Mueller, Joseph Taylor Gooch, Kate M Saxton, Leah Marie Fugere, Mary V. Sooter, Noah S. Guiney, Sarah J. Murphy, Suchinder Kalyan, Sydney E Donovan, Irene Xu, and Zachary A Nemtzow, as well as Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan’s Andrew M Holmes, Arthur W. Coviello, and Brian P Biddinger, Hogan Lovells’s Damon M. Lewis and Jessica L Ellsworth, Kwun Bhansali Lazarus’s Kate Ellis Lazarus and Michael S Kwun.
Meanwhile, DivX is being represented by Robins Kaplan’s Aaron R. Fahrenkrog, David Allen Prange, Diana Kawka, Demitri M. Dawson, Emily E. Niles, Emily J Tremblay, Logan J. Drew, and Mary Pheng, as well as Irell and Manella’s Aviel Menter, Christine S. Park, David C. McPhie, Jason G. Sheasby, Lisa Sharrock Glasser, and Philip J. Warrick.
